This interactive can be used to explore the relationship between an object's size, its distance, and its observed angular size. When an object is far away compared to its size, astronomers use the small angle approximation to simplify the relationship.
There are two control sliders: the first for the size of the object (s) and the second for the distance from Earth to the object (d). The interactive uses both the "exact" equation and small angle approximation to estimate the angular size of the object:
$$\theta_{exact} = 2\arctan\left(\frac{s}{2d}\right) \;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\;\; \theta_{approx} = \frac{s}{d}$$Note: The above espressions give the angle $\theta$ in radians. To get an angle in degrees, we must multiply by the conversion factor $\frac{180^{\circ}}{\pi}$ (because there are $2\pi$ radians or $360^{\circ}$ in a circle).